Choosing the right ammunition for your firearm is crucial for safety and effectiveness. For those using .38 Special revolvers, the often-encountered "+P" designation can be confusing. This article delves into the key differences between standard .38 Special and .38 Special +P ammunition, helping you make an informed decision.
What is .38 Special?
The .38 Special cartridge, developed in 1898, is a relatively low-pressure, centerfire revolver cartridge. Its widespread adoption stems from its versatility, relatively low recoil, and availability. It's commonly used for target practice, self-defense, and law enforcement. The relatively low pressure means it's generally considered safe to fire in most .38 Special revolvers.
What does "+P" Mean?
The "+P" designation indicates that the cartridge is loaded to a higher pressure than standard .38 Special ammunition. This higher pressure translates to increased velocity and, consequently, greater energy upon impact. The "P" stands for "Plus Pressure". This extra power offers increased stopping power, making it attractive for self-defense situations.
Key Differences Between .38 Special and .38 Special +P:
| Feature | .38 Special | .38 Special +P |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure | Standard pressure | Higher pressure (+10%) |
| Velocity | Lower | Higher |
| Energy | Lower | Higher |
| Recoil | Less | More |
| Stopping Power | Lower | Higher |
| Wear and Tear | Less on firearm components | Increased wear on firearm components |
| Accuracy | Generally comparable | Generally comparable |
Velocity and Energy: The increased pressure in +P ammunition leads to a noticeably higher bullet velocity and greater kinetic energy upon impact. This translates to a more effective round at longer ranges, and potentially greater stopping power at closer ranges.
Recoil: The higher pressure and velocity mean that +P rounds exhibit more noticeable recoil. This can make them less comfortable to shoot, especially for those with less experience or smaller builds.
Wear and Tear: The increased pressure of +P ammunition can lead to increased wear and tear on your revolver's components. This doesn't mean +P rounds should be avoided entirely, but it does highlight the need for regular cleaning and maintenance if you frequently use them.
Accuracy: While higher velocity can sometimes impact accuracy, the difference between standard .38 Special and +P is generally negligible for most shooters at typical self-defense ranges.
Should You Use .38 Special +P?
The choice between standard .38 Special and +P depends on individual needs and preferences.
Consider .38 Special +P if:
- You prioritize stopping power: For self-defense, the increased stopping power may be a significant factor.
- You need performance at longer ranges: +P offers superior velocity and energy at longer distances.
Consider standard .38 Special if:
- You're a novice shooter: The lower recoil makes it more comfortable for beginners.
- You prioritize reduced wear on your revolver: Regular practice with +P may necessitate more frequent maintenance.
- Your revolver isn't rated for +P: Always check your revolver's manual to confirm its suitability for +P ammunition. Using +P in an unsuitable revolver can cause damage to the firearm and even injury to the shooter.
Conclusion:
Understanding the differences between .38 Special and .38 Special +P is crucial for responsible and safe firearm ownership. Choosing the right ammunition depends on your individual circumstances, shooting style, and the specific capabilities of your firearm. Always consult your firearm's manual and prioritize safety.
