Identifying an antique double barrel shotgun can be a fascinating journey into firearms history. However, it requires careful observation, attention to detail, and a responsible approach to handling potentially dangerous objects. This guide provides a structured approach to identifying these historical artifacts, focusing on key features and considerations for safe and accurate identification.
Understanding the Importance of Proper Identification
Before we delve into the specifics, it's crucial to emphasize the importance of responsible handling and identification. Antique firearms, especially shotguns, can be dangerous if mishandled. Never attempt to fire an antique shotgun without first having it inspected by a qualified gunsmith. They can assess the firearm's safety and functionality, ensuring it won't malfunction and cause harm.
Furthermore, accurate identification is vital for determining the shotgun's value, history, and potential collector interest. Knowing the maker, model, and approximate age significantly impacts its worth and historical significance.
Key Features to Examine for Identification
Identifying an antique double barrel shotgun involves examining several key features. These features, combined with research, can lead you to a positive identification.
1. The Manufacturer's Markings
Many antique shotguns bear the manufacturer's name, often stamped on the water table (the flat area between the barrels) or on the receiver (the part that houses the action). Look carefully for markings, even faint ones. These markings are often your best starting point. Common manufacturers include:
- Parker: Known for high-quality, often elaborately engraved shotguns.
- L.C. Smith: Another renowned maker of fine double barrel shotguns.
- Ithaca: Produced a wide range of shotguns, from inexpensive models to higher-end guns.
- Fox: Famous for their sturdy and reliable designs.
- Winchester: While known more for lever-action rifles, Winchester also produced double barrel shotguns.
2. The Barrel Configuration
Examine the barrels closely. Note:
- Gauge: The gauge indicates the diameter of the barrel, and is crucial for identification. Common gauges include 12, 16, 20, and 28. This information is usually stamped on the barrel.
- Length: Barrel length significantly affects the shotgun's handling and characteristics.
- Choke: The choke affects the shot pattern. Antique shotguns may have various choke constrictions, often marked on the barrel.
- Proof Marks: Many European-made shotguns bear proof marks, indicating they have passed safety inspections. These marks can help identify the country of origin and often the date of manufacture.
3. The Action Type
Double barrel shotguns employ different action types, including:
- Side-by-side: The barrels run parallel to each other.
- Over-under: One barrel sits above the other.
Identifying the action type narrows down the possible manufacturers and models.
4. The Stock and Forend
The wood stock and forend can provide clues. Note:
- Wood Type: The type of wood (walnut, beech, etc.) can indicate the shotgun's quality and era.
- Finish: The finish (e.g., oil, varnish) can provide information about its age and condition.
- Engraving: Elaborate engraving is a hallmark of higher-end shotguns and can aid in identification.
5. Serial Number
If present, the serial number is a vital piece of information. Contacting the manufacturer (if still in business) or consulting firearm reference books can help you track down the shotgun's history and year of manufacture using this number.
Resources for Identification
Several resources can assist in identifying your antique double barrel shotgun:
- Firearm Reference Books: Numerous books specialize in identifying antique firearms, often including photographs and detailed descriptions.
- Online Forums and Communities: Online forums dedicated to antique firearms can provide valuable insights from experienced collectors and enthusiasts. Use these resources responsibly and be cautious of misinformation.
- Gunsmiths and Appraisers: Experienced gunsmiths and appraisers possess specialized knowledge in firearm identification. They can provide accurate and reliable assessments.
Conclusion: A Responsible Approach to Identification
Identifying an antique double barrel shotgun is a rewarding endeavor that demands careful attention, thorough research, and responsible handling. Remember, safety is paramount. Always handle antique firearms with care and seek professional assistance when necessary. By combining visual inspection with careful research and utilizing available resources, you can successfully identify your antique shotgun and appreciate its historical significance.
