Building your own AR-15 can be a rewarding experience, offering customization and a deeper understanding of your firearm. This guide focuses on sourcing an AR-15 kit that includes all the parts except the lower receiver, which requires separate purchase and registration due to its classification as the firearm's serialized component.
What's Included in an AR-15 Upper Parts Kit?
A complete AR-15 upper parts kit typically includes the following components:
- Upper Receiver: The topmost part of the rifle, housing the bolt carrier group and other internal components. This is often already assembled with the forward assist and ejection port cover.
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): A crucial part containing the bolt, firing pin, and cam pin. Choose a quality BCG from a reputable manufacturer; this significantly impacts the rifle's reliability.
- Charging Handle: Used to manually cycle the bolt, chambering a round. Different charging handles offer varying ergonomics and styles.
- Barrel: The tube through which the projectile travels. Barrels come in various lengths (e.g., 16", 18", 20"), calibers (.223/5.56mm being the most common), and profiles (affecting accuracy and weight).
- Gas System: This includes the gas tube and block, regulating gas pressure to cycle the BCG. Different gas systems (e.g., carbine-length, mid-length) influence how the rifle functions.
- Handguard: This protects the barrel and provides a place to attach accessories like lights and optics. Materials range from aluminum to polymer, and lengths vary widely. Consider M-LOK or KeyMod attachment systems for easy accessory mounting.
- Gas Block: Regulates the gas flow from the barrel to the BCG. It’s often pinned to the barrel.
- Front and Rear Sights: These are essential for sighting in the rifle, though many opt for a red dot sight or other optic instead. Some kits may not include sights.
- Buffer Tube: This houses the buffer spring and buffer, which helps to manage recoil.
- Buffer Spring & Buffer: Critical for proper recoil operation.
Choosing Your AR-15 Upper Kit: Key Considerations
Several factors will influence your kit selection. Consider these crucial elements:
1. Budget: Kits range significantly in price depending on the quality and brand of components. Set a realistic budget before you start shopping.
2. Intended Use: Are you building a rifle for home defense, target shooting, or hunting? This impacts barrel length, handguard choice, and other components.
3. Caliber: The most common caliber is .223/5.56mm, but others are available. Choose the caliber that suits your needs and ammunition availability.
4. Barrel Length: Shorter barrels are lighter and more maneuverable, while longer barrels generally offer increased accuracy and range.
5. Brand Reputation: Opt for reputable brands with a history of producing high-quality AR-15 parts. Researching reviews and seeking advice from experienced builders is vital.
Assembling Your AR-15: A Note of Caution
While building an AR-15 can be enjoyable, it's crucial to remember safety. Improper assembly can lead to malfunction and potentially dangerous consequences. If you are unsure about any aspect of the assembly process, consult with an experienced gunsmith. Furthermore, always follow all applicable laws and regulations regarding firearm ownership and assembly in your jurisdiction.
Disclaimer:
This information is for educational purposes only and should not be considered professional advice. Always prioritize safety and adhere to local, state, and federal laws regarding firearm ownership and usage. This content does not endorse or encourage any illegal activity. Consult with a qualified professional for any questions regarding firearm assembly or safety.
