The legality of suppressors, often called silencers, in Arizona can be confusing, but understanding the relevant laws is crucial for responsible firearm ownership. This guide clarifies the current regulations and helps you navigate the process if you're considering owning a suppressor in the Grand Canyon State.
Arizona Suppressor Laws: The Basics
Arizona law allows for the possession and use of suppressors, but with some important caveats. The key legislation governing suppressors in Arizona is primarily found within federal law, specifically the National Firearms Act (NFA) of 1934, as Arizona doesn't have specific state-level restrictions beyond those imposed at the federal level.
This means that while Arizona doesn't prohibit suppressors outright, obtaining and possessing one requires navigating the federal registration and licensing process. This process involves a thorough background check, a tax stamp, and adherence to all NFA regulations.
Key Aspects of Federal Regulations Regarding Suppressors:
- Registration: Suppressors are classified as NFA firearms, meaning they must be registered with the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF). This registration involves a lengthy background check and requires paying a significant tax.
- Background Check: A comprehensive background check is conducted to ensure the applicant meets all legal requirements for owning a firearm. This process can take several months.
- Tax Stamp: A tax stamp must be obtained and affixed to the suppressor before it can be legally possessed.
- Storage and Transportation: Specific regulations govern how suppressors must be stored and transported. These regulations vary depending on whether they are attached to a firearm or stored separately.
Understanding the Differences: Silencer vs. Suppressor
While often used interchangeably, there's a subtle difference. "Silencer" is a more colloquial term, suggesting complete sound elimination, which isn't entirely accurate. "Suppressor" is the more technically correct term, reflecting its function in reducing—not eliminating—the sound of gunfire. This distinction is important for understanding realistic expectations regarding noise reduction.
The Process of Obtaining a Suppressor in Arizona
Acquiring a suppressor in Arizona requires patience and careful attention to detail. The steps generally involve:
- Finding a Licensed Dealer: Locate a Federal Firearms Licensed (FFL) dealer who is experienced in handling NFA items. They'll guide you through the paperwork and process.
- ATF Form 1 or Form 4: You'll need to complete either ATF Form 1 (for making your own suppressor) or ATF Form 4 (for purchasing a commercially manufactured suppressor). Form 4 is the more common route for most individuals.
- Background Check & Fingerprinting: The dealer will conduct a thorough background check and take your fingerprints, which are submitted to the ATF.
- Tax Payment: A significant tax is payable as part of the registration process.
- Waiting Period: Be prepared for a significant waiting period, often several months or even longer, for the ATF to process your application and approve the tax stamp.
Legal Use of Suppressors in Arizona
Once you have your registered suppressor and tax stamp, you can use it legally in Arizona, provided you comply with all other state and federal firearms laws. This includes adhering to hunting regulations, safe handling practices, and all relevant local ordinances.
Potential Penalties for Non-Compliance
Failing to comply with federal and state firearms laws regarding suppressors can result in significant penalties, including hefty fines and potential imprisonment.
Conclusion
While suppressors are legal in Arizona under federal law, obtaining one requires navigating a complex legal process. Thorough understanding of the NFA, meticulous attention to detail in the application process, and cooperation with your FFL dealer are crucial for responsible suppressor ownership. Always prioritize safety and legal compliance. Consult with legal counsel or an experienced firearms expert for personalized guidance.
